Clarification of particle size dependence on the rate capabilities of Li[Ni1/2Mn3/2]O4 materials and electrodes by the dilute electrode method

Improving the rate capability of lithium insertion electrodes is essential for high-power lithium-ion batteries used in automobile applications. Several approaches have been studied to improve Li[Ni1/2Mn3/2]O4 (LiNiMO); however, no consensus has reached owing conflicting results particle size dependence on capability. Rate improvement obtained previously using nanosized particles as well micron-sized particles. To solve this contradiction, we examined capabilities LiNiMO materials and dilurted electrode method. This method allows us measure two distinct electrodes. The dilute-LiNiMO improved by particles, while that conventional indicates different rate-determining steps: Li-ion transport dilute electrodes, diffusion electrolyte Moreover, superior indicating faster than an with porous These findings provide important insights designing excellent capabilities.